In the early hours of Friday, Mehrdad, an engineer in Isfahan, Iran, awoke to the sound of explosions rattling windows and shaking the ground. In Tehran, passengers about to board flights were suddenly told that the airspace was closed. Israel, they soon discovered, had attacked Iran.As explosions and gunfire rang out in the distance, Mehrdad, 43, realized that the Israelis' target was a military base on the outskirts of the city. He and his pregnant wife were still afraid of war breaking out, he said in a telephone interview.“I think Israel wanted to test the waters and evaluate with last night's attacks,” said Mehrdad, who, like others interviewed for this article, asked that his last name be withheld for fear of retaliation. “I fear the worst is coming, but I also hope things...